On examination his arterial blood pressure is 10465 mm hg, his heart rate 2 beatsmin and irregular, and his respiratory rate 22 breathsmin. Before getting stuck into the details of the analysis, its important to look at the patients current clinical status, as this provides essential context to the abg result. This is a measure of the overall concentration of hydrogen ions. Interpreting the information obtained from an abg result, combined with the patients history and our knowledge of normal pathophysiology as it applies to acidbase balance will help us to plan how to resolve the problem lippincott, 2012. The main determinants of pao 2 are the inspired oxygen concentration, alveolar gas exchange, and, to a lesser extent, tissue oxygen consumption. The calculator also determines whether the state is compensated or uncompensated.
Once youve mastered this technique, youll be doing actual abg interpretation. Arterial blood gas analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients oxygenation status and acidbase balance. Monitoring abgs allows detection of deterioration in a patients condition and management of treatment. Abgs provide three assessments of the function of the respiratory system. The arterial blood gas abg analyzer interprets abg findings and values. The ratio between the pao 2 and the inspired oxygen concentration expressed as a fraction fio 2 is termed the pao 2 fio 2 ratio or the p. Appropriate general principles guide clinicians when drawing and interpreting abgs for all patients.
This worksheet includes 5 practice abgs to help you learn how to interpret with ease. Woodruff, msn, rnbc, cns, cen nurses often have difficulty interpreting arterial blood gases abgs. Abgs made easy for nurses w tic tac toe method for arterial. Arterial blood gas abg interpretation for medical students, osces and mrcp paces this section presents how to interpret arterial blood gases. Interpreting abgs suneel kumar md arterial blood gases written in following manner. The arterial blood gases calculator calculates whether an individual is in metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, or is normal. Following are the steps one should follow when reading the arterial blood gas and interpreting the values simultaneously. You are called to see a 54 year old lady on the ward.
This guide provides a structured approach to abg interpretation, including. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Arterial blood gas interpretation arterial blood gas analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients oxygenation status and acid base balance. Abg interpretation steps to abg interpretation step 1. Calculator of arterial blood gas abg upon arterial blood gas abg interpretation analysis, you could come to know, 1 oxygenation of blood through gas exchange in the lungs. Mar 14, 2017 interpreting abgs for the first time is hard, if you watch this video you will learn that it can actually be very easy. If the paco2 is greater than 45 mm hg,less carbon dioxide is being exhaled than. He had a large bowel resection the previous day, has a background of type 2 diabetes, and is a current smoker. This is a nonfinal version of an article published in final form in. Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky. In this guide, we will teach you the eight 8 steps on how to interpret and analyze arterial blood gas abg results using the tictactoe method. Ryan barnes, bsn, rn, pccncsc 2 comments arterial blood gases abgs are used to monitor patients on ventilators, monitor critically ill nonventilator patients, establish preoperative.
Abgs are important to know and the best way to become familiar with them is to practice. Blood gas analysis debbie fraser, mn, rncnic b lood gas analysis is one of the major tools in assessing the respiratory status of the newborn. Its a test that is used to assess how well oxygen is being distributed throughout the body and how well carbon dioxide is being removed. Many authors contend that drawing of umbilical abgs is a simple method to evaluate the condition of the neonate and ideally would be routinely done for all newborns. The book makes the distinction between acute and chronic disorders based on symptoms from identical abgs. Interpreting abgs for the first time is hard, if you watch this video you will learn that it can actually be very easy. The test is used to check the function of the patients lungs and how well they are able to move oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
This test is commonly performed in the icu and er setting. Arterial blood gases are blood taken from an artery, normally the radial artery, which. This video tutorial is on how to setup arterial blood gas problems using the tic tac toe method. Blood gas interpretation in the neonate what do you need to. Dimensions of critical care nursing dccn, 322, 8487. It only addresses acidbase balance and considers just 3 values. Arterial blood gas analysis is a common investigation in emergency departments and intensive care units for monitoring patients with acute respiratory failure. Ryan barnes, bsn, rn, pccncsc 2 comments arterial blood gases abgs are used to monitor patients on ventilators, monitor critically ill nonventilator patients, establish preoperative baseline parameters and regulate electrolyte therapy. Online medical calculator for the analysis of arterial blood gases abg interpretation.
All information contained in and produced by the pediatric oncall system is provided for educational purposes. Blood gas interpretation in the neonate what do you need. The following sixstep process helps ensure a complete interpretation of every abg. This calculator only differentiates between acute ph abnormal and compensated ph normal. Well friend, lets break it down so its not that complicated. Body will not overcompensate when it comes to acidbase balance so. Abg interpretation is especially important in critically ill patients. Interpretation of arterial blood gases abgs david a. Abg examples abg exam questions for medical students osces and mrcp paces below are some brief clinical scenarios with abg results. Arterial blood gas interpretation calculator abg analysis. Abg interpretation free download as powerpoint presentation.
Interpretation of the arterial blood gas selflearning packet see swift for list of qualifying boards for continuing education hours. Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky medics. Download abg acidbase eval and enjoy it on your iphone, ipad, and ipod touch. Interpreting abgs arterial blood gases made easy ausmed. The most important points when assessing a patient are the history, examination and basic observations. Confusion often begins with trying to remember many random rules and lacking a standardized approach to abgs. If the pa co2 is less than 35 mm hg,more carbon dioxide is being exhaled than normal. Just copy and paste the below code to your webpage where you want to display this calculator.
A guide to interpreting acidbase disorders article pdf available in hospital pharmacy 4310. Nurses must be able to analyse abgs, even at a superficial level, because changes in pao. Interpret the results of various arterial blood gas samples. A normal pao2 in a patient on high flow oxygen this is abnormal as you. An arterial blood gas, or abg for short, is a test that measures the blood levels of oxygen pao2, carbon dioxide paco2, and acidbase balance ph in the body. Interpreting an arterial blood gas abg is a crucial skill for physicians, nurses, respiratory. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf abcs of abgs. An abg is a blood test that measures the acidity, or ph, and the levels of oxygen o2 and carbon dioxide co2 from an artery.
Abgs made easy for nurses w tic tac toe method for. Information for patients, resources for physicians. The components of an abg analysis are pao 2, sao 2, hydrogen ion concentration ph, paco 2, hco 3. When the ph is normal, it will be fully compensated. Apr 03, 2020 an abg is a blood test that measures the acidity, or ph, and the levels of oxygen o2 and carbon dioxide co2 from an artery. Compensation can be seen when both the pco2 and hco3 rise or fall together to maintain a normal ph. Determine the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis by looking at the pco2 and hco3if ph abgs. Abg quick interpretation parameter acidosis normal alkalosis reflects ph 7. It also has some applications in general practice, such as assessing the need for domiciliary oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This method is simple, easy and can be used for the majority of abgs. Identify the relationship between oxygen saturation and pao2 as it relates to the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. Jul 01, 20 nurses must be able to analyse abgs, even at a superficial level, because changes in pao. Analyze the ph the first step in analyzing abgs is to look at the ph.
Weve created this guide, which aims to provide a structured approach to abg interpretation whilst also increasing your understanding of each results relevance. Ppt interpreting abgs powerpoint presentation free to. Started in 1995, this collection now contains 6769 interlinked topic pages divided into a tree of 31 specialty books and 732 chapters. Below are a few examples to demonstrate how important context is when interpreting an abg. Interpreting an arterial blood gas abg is a crucial skill for physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other health care personnel. Jul 24, 2017 3 easy steps for interpreting abgs date.
Using the rome method ill show you how to be a pro in less than ten minutes. From this baseline, you can then begin to recognise significant variations in a patients results, which could indicate clinical deterioration. Arterial blood gas abg interpretation is something many medical students find difficult to grasp weve been there. The authors make no claims of the accuracy of the information contained herein.
Arterial blood gas abg interpretation for medical students. Arterial blood gas abg calculator medical calculators. Arterial blood gas abg calculator medical calculators pediatric. Included with the worksheet are physiological reasons for abnormalities. This analyzer should not substitute for clinical context. This is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in plasma. It explains each component in turn followed by clinical examples to work through. While the analyzer can often help with analysis, the history of the patient is critical for accurate interpretation. The usefulness of this diagnostic tool is dependent on being able to correctly interpret the results. Interpret the oxygenation state of a patient using the reported arterial blood gas pao2 value. Arterial blood gas interpretation is one of the hardest subjects youll have to learn in nursing school. Arterial oxygen tension pao 2 is the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood. May 06, 2015 abgs tic tac toe method for nurses with quiz.
Sodium and chloride are required for anion gap calculation. If it outside range, then it is uncompensated or partially compensated. When interpreting arterial blood gas abg results, it is essential to know what abg values are considered normal. Try to interpret each abg and formulate a differential diagnosis before looking at the answer. Arterial blood gases abg calculator hacked by 4lf45t. Creative ways to teach arterial blood gas interpretation. Abg examples abg exam questions for medical students and. This tictactoe technique involves a few charts to help you visualize abgs. How are arterial blood gases abgs results interpreted.
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